Himachal very important G K and latest current Affairs

GK SERIES for HPPSC AND HPSSSC EXAMS

1. Himachal general study
2. Current affair of Himachal
3. Current affair India and world
4. Environment and Ecology
5. Mixed Gk

Himachal General study

A. Birth history of Himachal

• Himachal Pradesh came into existence on 15 April 1948
• 30 princely states were merged to form four district namely Mandi Chamba Sirmour and Mahasu.
• 1951 Himachal become part C state.
• 1st July 1954 Bilaspur was added in this area and total districs become 5
• Up to 1956 Himachali main as part c state.
• From 1956 to 1971 Himachal was made as union territory.
• In 1960 in new district was carved out from the chimney tahsil known as kinnar today
• In 1960 there were  6 districts.
• On 1st November 1966 Punjab reorganisation starts and Kullu Kangra lahaul Spiti and few hilly areas of Punjab wear assimilated with Himachal.
• On 1st September 1972 district Hamirpur and Pune was created by trifurcation of Kangra.
• Since then no administrative change has reported and today Himachal has 12 districts.
• Total area of Himachal is 55673 square kilometre
• Hamirpur is the smallest district with an area of 1113 square kilometre which form about 2% of the total area of Himachal
• Largest district of Himachal is lahaul Spiti whose area is 13835 square kilometre which form about 24.85 percent of total area of Himachal
• Area area of Himachal is divided into three category.
• Lower Himalayas mid Himalaya and greater Himalaya.
• The altitude of low Himalaya varies from 350 to 1500 metre and here lower part of Himachal lies, this include Shivalik june's aur Manak parvat.
• Kangra Hamirpur  una kangra and lowerer part of Mandi district  sirmour Solan Bilaspur lies in it.
• Inner Himalayas or mid mountain has latitude where is from 1500 to 4500 metre and it contained upper part of Sirmaur district upper part of Mandi district upper part of Kangra and Shimla hills it also contain upper part of Chamba district.
• Pir panjal and dhauladhar range lies in the mid mountain. Pir panjal range lies in Chamba district while dhauladhar range lies in Kangra district
• Greater Himalaya is also called as alpine zone its altitude varies from 4500 m to 7000 metre.
• Peak Shila lies in the greater Himalayan zone
• Himachal has weather ranging from semi Arctic to semi tropic.

B. RIVERS IN HP

• Himachal Pradesh has total five main rivers. These rivers are perennial rivers and has their origin lies in the the glaciers on the mountains. Among all the five rivers accept Chenab fall in in Arabian sea while remaining four falls in the bay of Bengal.
• Yamuna river famous tributaries are pubber tones Giri batta etc. Yamuna river has its connection with the sun therefore it is also called as the eastern river. Yamuna rivers in ancient time was called Kalindi. Eid leaves Himachal near tajewala and enter the territory of Haryana.
• Yamuna is the easternmost river of Himachal Pradesh
• Satluj earlier called satudari river rises from Mansarovar lake in Tibet. It enters Himachal Pradesh at shipki and flows through Kinnaur Shimla and Bilaspur district.satluj is the only river whose origin lies outside the Himachal.
• Beas river rises from Rohtang pass which near Kullu lahul border
• River Beas earlier called Bipasha enter the Kangra sandhol and lives near mirthal
• River Chenab earlier called arjikiya came from baralacha pass when two rivers Chandra and bhaga Coalescence with other at Tandi. This river enter Chamba near bhujind and leave the district at sansari Nala to enter podar valley of Kashmir
• River Ravi rises from bada Bengal of Kangra district which has its branches at dhauladhar Chamba is situated on the right side of this river in ancient time river was also called iravati.

C. People of Himachal
People of Himachal are simple, honest, Straight forward and very generous. People of Himachal have simple faith primitive Belief, and myths difficult to fathom.
However they are very festival person and celebrate each and every festival with great enthusiasm. Women of Himachalare very hardworking and their role lies in every part of work. They work side by side with the man and and from the integral part of life. Women took the burden of agriculture work ok carry household work.
Women are constantly at work breaking Earth transplanting reading repairing threshing pounding for carrying headloads of fodder for animal firewood manure water grain flour and so many things.

• People of Himachal are very generous hard working and living simple life. There  religion are different from those who are living in the plane area. This may be attributed due to the geographical and environmental conditions and the people who are are visiting this place in ancient times.
• The actual inhabitant of Himachal were called koli, daagi, dome,hali. While the ancestors of the khaasa was the kunindaso Mahabharata.
• New Himachali culture is the influence of assimilation of various invaders who attacked Himachal in ancient era.
• Population of Himachal is Hindu but in many places like a sirmour Chamba Kangra few concentration of Muslim sickh and Buddhist in the lahaul Spiti Kinnaur Kullu and few concentration of Sikh in Kangra Shimla Mandi and Sirmour along with few percentage of Christianity is also seen in Himachal.
• Himachali people are God fearing people and they have different faith, they worship devils and some supernatural powers along with village deities joginis Kali adi Shakti Nagas and the deities of aborigines.
• Animal sacrifice is the major religious rite and is performed at various ceremonies like to please the Devta or at the time of festival harvesting time or the beginning of New year.
• Muslim people follow pir lakh data and earthen lamp at the Shirin of such lakhdatar like peer faqeer and saints enlightened for their applease.
• Hindi is the official language of Himachal Pradesh however Himachali has their own dialects. These dialects vary from place to place.
• Mandyali speak in Mandi, k kullvi in Kullu, kahloori Bilaspur, in Shimla mahusuvi, chambialy in chamba, handuri in nalagarh, etc.
• All dialects of Pahari languages has origin from Sanskrit language. Pahari language is written in tankri after the Muslim invasion in Himachal Pradesh these were written in Persian language.
• Next important population in Himachal is Rajput.
• Brahman world the best of Rajput and form the largest group after Rajput
• Next population after Brahman is Gareth they were vanquished by the rajputanas aur science
• Kinnas aur kianoura are the inhabitants of Kinnaur district of Himachal Pradesh and they were considered as the descendants of kinners of Mahabharata
• some believe that kinnars of the people of skinner's were the descendant of kiratas who were once venquisthed by the Aryans.
• Akina girl who find no suitable match for herself become JOMO .
• In Lahore people export  kuth which is a herbal medicine
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